Carbureter



F. H. BALL.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY l0, |916- 1,358,498. Patented NOV. 9, 1920.

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CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED IuLY Io, I9Ie.

1,358,498, I Patented Nov. 9, 1920.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK H. BALL, 0F DETROIT. MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGN MENTS, TO BALL & BALL CARBURETER COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A. CORf- PORATION OF MICHIGAN.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1920.

T o all -wlwm i may concern.:

Be it known that I, FRANK H. BALL, a citizen of the nited States. residing atl Detroit, in the county of vayne and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carbureters. of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters 'and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

'l he invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows Figure 1 shows a cent1-al vertical section through the carbureter.

Fig. 2 a section on the line 2-2 in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 a. plan view of the carbureter. a part being broken away to better show construction.

Fig. et a section on the lines 1--1 in Figs. 3 and 6.

Fig. 5 a section on the lines 5-5 in Figs. 2 and 3.

Fig. 6 a section on the line 6 6 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 an elevation of the carbureter, a part being broken away.

Fig. 8 an elevation of the opposite side of the carbureter from Fig. 7, the fuel chamber being broken away.

1 marks the fuel chamber, 2 the ioat therein, 3 the inlet valve to the fuel chamber, 11 the inlet connection. 5 the levers operating the valve 3 from the oat, 6 a cover for the fuel chamber and T a clip for retaining the cover in place.

The fuel chamber has an extension S which projects under the body of the carbureter. This has the passage 9 extending from the bottom of the carbureter. The body 10 of the carbureter has the screwthreaded opening and a screw 11 extends through the projection S into this opening, the screw having a reduced portion 12 forming a passage 13 communicating with the passage 9.

The mixing chamber 14 has an initial air opening 15 in the form of a Venturi tube, the tube communicating through the passage 16 with the outer air. The fuel nozzle 17 enters the passage 15 in position to deliver fuel to the incoming -air passing through the Venturi tube. The auxiliary air opening 18 is controlled by a yielding valve 19 preferably seating on an enlarged seat 20. The valve is guided by a pm 21 extending from a cap 22 and the spring 23 1s arranged between the valve and the cap yieldingly holding the valve to its seat. The size of the seat is so large. however, that after the valve is partially opened, the ow of air is controlled by the size of the opening 18. The usual throttle valve 21 is provided. As shown it is of the butterfly tvpe and carried by a pin 25. l

Fuel is delivered to the nozzle 1T from the passage 13 by the following passages: The passage 26 arranged in the body 10 communicates with a passage 27. The passage 27 communicates with a radial passage 28 in an adjusting screw 29. The passage 28 communicates with an axial passage 3U which passage communicates with a passage 30a in the body. The passage 3()a communicates with apassage 31 extending around the shank of the fuel nozzle, the fuel nozzle having a reduced portion forming this passage. T he nozzle has the radial openings 32 leading to the axial passage 33 leading to the nozzle. So far this carbureter operates in general way in the manner common to carbureters.

In order to control the introduction of air and fuel into the carbureter it is desirable to have a plurality of stages, one of which may be designated as the primary carbureter and the other of which may be designated the secondary carbureter. In the present device there are air passages for the primary carbureter involving the initial air opening with a Venturi tube and the air opening controlled by the yielding valve. This is in effect a small carbureter and gives a high velocity to the air even at comparatively slow speeds of the motor and consequently gives a desirable atomizing for these speeds. With the higher speeds of the motor it is desirable to augment both the air and the fuel and this is accomplished in the present carbureter.

The seconda-ry air passage 3i leads to the mixing `chamber and is controlled by the butterfly valve 35. The valve 35 is carried by a stem 36 extending through the walls of the passage. A. lever 3T is fixed on the throttle valve or shaft 35 (see Fig. 8). One arm 38 of this lever has the eye 39 for the usual throttle controlling attachment. The opposite end 40 has a cam surface adapted to engage a roller 41. The roller 41 is carried by a lever 42 fixed on the shaft or stem Aao 36 of the valve 35. A spring 43 extends from the lever 42 to a pin 44 extending from thevbody. This spring holds the valve 35 in a closed position until the lever 42 is operated by the arm 40 of the lever 37. With the initial opening of the throttle, the arm 40 is free from the roller 41 and does not pick up the lever 42 until the throttle is partially opened, preferably fully one-half open. During this period' the primary carbureter, as it maybe called, is in operation., and the fuel and air delivered is controlled in the manner common to carbureters. When, however, this added power and mixture is required the arm40 of the lever 37 picks up the lever 42 and begins to open the secondary valve 35 and from the time it does pick up this secondary valve, this valve is opened with a continued opening of the throttle valve.

ln order to augment the fuel as the secondary air valve is opened to compensate for this added amount of air.I ll have provided the following mechanism: The passage 27 carrying fuel to the nozzle (see Fig. 2) is continued in the passage 45. This is lugged at the end of the body by a screw 46.

he passage 45 connects'with a passage 47 and the passage 47 with a passage 48 leading to the passage 31. A seat 49 is arranged at the end of the passage 47 and a valve 50 operates on this seat and controls the opening through the passage 47 to passage 48. The valve 50 is providedwith a screwthreaded stem 51 which extends through the wall of the carbureter and a lever 52 is xed on the end of this stem. A roller 53 is provided at the end of the lever 52 and `is in thepath of a cam surface 54 on the lever 55, tle lever 55 being fixed on the stem 36.` A spring 57 extends from an arm 56 on the lever 52 to the pin 44. This spring holds the valve lever 5 2 in its initial position and the stem in a position to close the valve 50. -When the valve 35 is open, the lever 55 is rocked with it. This rocks the lever 52 and the rotation of the screw 5l opens the valve 50. The cam surface is so shaped to proportion this opening to give a correct delivery of fuel relatively to the valve opening. There is at all times a suflicient velocity of air from the Venturi tube to pick up not `only the fuel that is delivered for the primary carbureter but topick up and initially break up the fuel when augmented by the delivery of fuel past the valve 50 in the secondary stage. l thus get two distinct stages in the operation of the carbureter with all the attendant benets of this mode of operation.

llt is desirable to momentarily augment the amount of fuel with the opening of the throttle. The devices for accomplishing this are commonly called pick-up devices. ll have provided such a device and this is constructed as follows: A passage 56 commuassegna nicates with the passage 26, in fact, is an extension of the passage 26. The passage 58 communica-tes with a passage 59. The passage 56 leads to a passage 60 which is an annular passage surrounding a screw 61. The screw 61 forms. a closure for the bottom of a chamber 62 and has a passage 63 leading to the passage and an axial passage 64.L A lift valve 65 is arranged at the upper endof the passage 64. A plunger 66 75 is arranged in the upper end of the chamber 62. The plunger operates in a pump barrel 67 which is of slightly smaller diameter than the chamber 62. The plunger has a stem 68 which extends from the walls of the body 80 and this is connected by a link 68a with aV rock arm 69 arranged on the stem 25 of the throttle valve, at the oppositeV side of the carbureter from the lever 37. When the throttle is closed, the plunger 66 is lifted to its upper position (see Fig. 5). This upward movement of the throttle permits, in fact induces aa ow of fuel into the chamber 62 through the passages heretofore described. When the throttle is opened the plunger is moved downwardly and this es cape of the fuel by the passage 64 is prevented by the valve 65 and the fuel is discharged to the mixing chamber through the following passages :-A passage 70 extends from the side of the chamber 63 (see Fig. 6) to an annular passage 71 formed by a closure screw 72. Radial passages 73. are arranged in the screw and form a communicaV`l tion between the passage 71 and the vaxial 100 passage 74 in the screw. The passage 74 leads to a small chamber 75 and a lift valve 7 5a is arranged at the upper end of the passage. The passage 76 extends from the chamber 75 to a passage 77. The passage 1105 77 leads to the mixing chamber. lt will be readily seen that on the downward stroke,

of the plunger, fuel is forced through these passages and delivered to the mixing chamand 81 which communicate with the pasl2@ sage 59. When 'the plunger 66 has completely entered the chamber 62 the bypass is put into communication with the chamber by way of the groove 7 9. From this on a continued movement of the plunger does 1125 not eect a pumping action, or in other words, the pump is rendered inedective in the latter parts of its stroke.

ln order to relieve the .pump chamber of a suetion eidect of the carbureter .and also to 136 istante atomize the fuel discharged by the pick-up device, it is desirable to provide a vent 78 in the passage 77. This prevents the partial vacuum of the mixing chamber extending into the pump chamber and thus interfering with its proper function, and the air stream entering the mixing chamber through Ehel vent 78 and passage 77 atomizes the What l claim as new is l. In a carburetor. the combination of a mixing chamber having a primary and secondary means of air supply; a throttle valve; an air valve controlling the secondary air supply; mechanism acting with and after the throttle is partially opened to open said air valve; devices for supplying fuel to the chamber in connection with the primary means of air supply, said devices comprising fuel augmenting means; and means actuating said fuel augmenting means when the said air valve is actuated.

2. ln a carbureter. the combination of a mixing chamber having a primary and secondary means of air supply; a throttle valve; an air valve controlling said secondary air supply; mechanism acting after the throttle is partially opened to open said air valve; a nozzle operating in connection with the primary means of air supply., thenozzle having a primary and secondary passage leading thereto; a fuel valve controlling the secondary passage to the nozzle; and means for actuating said valve When the said air valve is actuated. i

3. ln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having a primary and secondary means of air supply, the primary means of supply comprising an initial air opening and an auxiliary air opening; a throttle valve; an air valve controlling said secondary means of air supply; mechanism acting after the throttle is partially opened to open said air valve; de ices for supplying fuelto the chamber in connection with the primary means of air supply, said devices comprising fuel augmenting means; and means actuating said fuel augmenting means when the said air valve is actuated.

t. ln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having a primary and secondary means of air supply, the primary means of air supply comprising an initial air opening in the form of a Venturi tube and an auxiliary air opening controlled by a spring actuated valve yielding with a reduction of pressure in the mixing chamber; a throttle valve; an air valve controlling the secondary means of air supply; mechanism for actuating the throttle and air valve timed to actuate the said air valve during the latter stages of the opening of the throttle; and means for delivering fuel to the Venturi tube.

5. lln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having a primary and secondary means of air supply, the primary means of air supply comprising an initial air opening in the form of a Venturi tube and an auxiliary air opening controlled by a spring actuated valve yielding with a reduction of pressure in the mixing chamber; a throttle valve; an air valve controlling the secondary means of air supply; mechanism for actuating the throttlefand air valve timed to actuate the said air valve during the latter stages of the opening of the throttle; means for delivering fuel to the Venturi tube; and devices for augmenting the fuel delivered to the Venturi tube, said devices being controlled to act with the opening of the air valve controlling the secondary means of air supply.

6. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having air and normal fuel inlets; supplying means leading thereto; a throttle valve; an auxiliary fuel device comprising a fuel chamber in which an auxiliary supply of fuel is collected; a pump and devices positively actuated with the throttle for actuating-the pump to discharge fuel from the chamber to augmentthe normal supply as the throttle is opened., and to discharge a greater portion during the first half of the opening of the throttle than during the second half.

7. lln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having air and normal fuel inlets; supplying means leading thereto; a throttle valve; an auxiliary fuel device comprising a fuel chamber in which an auxiliary supply of fuel is collected; and a pump positively actuated with the throttle for discharging the fuel from the chamber to augment thenormal supply as the throttle is opened, said pump having devices making it less eective during the latter part of the opening of the throttle.

8. ln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having air and normal fuel inlets; supplying means leading thereto; a throttle valve; an auxiliary fuel device comprising a fuel chamber in which an auxiliary supply of fuel is collected; and a pump positively actuated with the throttle for discharging the fuel from the chamber to augment .the normal supply as the throttle is opened, said pump having a bypass arranged to be opened at an intermediate point in the stroke of the plunger to render the pump less effective during the latter part-of the opening of the throttle.

9. ln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having air and normal fuel inlets; supplying means leading thereto; a throttlevalve; an auxiliary fuel device comprising a fuel chamber in which an auxiliary supply of fuel is collected; and a pump positively actuated with the throttle for discharging the fuel from the chamber lllb rae

limi

to augment the normal lsupply when the throttle is opened, said pump having a bypass opened by the plunger at an intermediate point in the stroke of the plunger to render the pump less effective during the 'and said discharge having a vent leading to the outer air.

l1. ln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having air and normal fuel l inlets; supplying means leading thereto;

a throttle valve; an auxiliary vfuel device comprising a fuel chamber in Which an auxiliary supply of fuel is collected.; and a plunger pump positively actuated With the throttle, said pump comprising a forced discharge through the direct action of the pump and leading to the mixing chamber and said discharge being provided with a vent. f

12. ln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having air and normal fuel inlets; .supplying means leading thereto; a throttle valve; an auxiliary fuel device comprising a fuel chamber in which an auxiliary supply of fuel is collected; a plunger pump positively actuated by a physical conneet-ion With the throttle, said pump having a forced discharge through the direct action of the pump and leading to the mixing chamber and said discharge being provided With a vent; and devices for rendering the pump less effective during the latter part of the movement of the pump.

13. ln a carbureter,` the combination of a mixing chamber having air and normal fuel inlets; supplying means leading thereto; a throttle valve; an auxiliaryl fuel device com prising a fuel chamber in which an auxiliary supply of fuel is collected; a pump comprising a pump chamber;a plunger operating in a barrel of smaller diameter than the chamber, said plunger having an annular groove therein; abypass put into communication with the chamber by the annular groove;.and a discharge leading from the pump to the mixing chamber.

ln testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand. ix

. f1". H. BALL 

